• Nasim Ahmed, Yen-Hong Kuo, and Abimbola Pratt.
• Division of Trauma & Surgical Critical Care, Department of Surgery, Jersey Shore University Medical Center, Neptune, NJ.
• Crit Care Explor. 2021 May 1; 3 (5): e0421.

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study is to evaluate the overall occurrence of inhospital mortality in trauma patients who were placed on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation following the complication of the acute respiratory distress syndrome.DesignObservational cohort study.SettingThe data of all patients who were traumatically injured and developed the complication of acute respiratory distress syndrome were accessed from the Trauma Quality Improvement Program database from the calendar years of 2013 to 2016.PatientsPatients 16 years old and less than 90 years old were included in the study. Variables included patient demography, Injury Severity Score, Glasgow Coma Scale score, Abbreviated Injury Scale score, and outcomes.InterventionsExtracorporeal membrane oxygenation.Measurements And Main ResultsPropensity-matched analysis was performed between two groups: patients placed on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and patients placed on conventional mode of ventilation. The primary outcome was inhospital mortality. Out of 6,121 patients who developed acute respiratory distress syndrome, 118 patients (1.93%) were placed on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. The pair matched analysis showed significant difference between the two groups (extracorporeal membrane oxygenation vs conventional mode of ventilation) for overall inhospital mortality (35.6% vs 14.4%; p < 0.001). There were significant differences found between the two groups for the median hospital length of stay (41 [35-49] vs 27 [24-33]), ICU days (35 [30-41] vs 19 [17-24]), and ventilator days (30 [27-34] vs 15 [13-18]). All p values are less than 0.001.ConclusionsApproximately 2% of acute respiratory distress syndrome patients were placed on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. The overall inhospital mortality remained high despite patients being placed on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.Copyright © 2021 The Authors. Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the Society of Critical Care Medicine.

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