• Carolyn Sufrin, Lauren Beal, Jennifer Clarke, Rachel Jones, and William D Mosher.
• Carolyn Sufrin and Lauren Beal are with the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD. Carolyn Sufrin is also with the Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. Jennifer Clarke is with the Rhode Island Department of Corrections, Cranston. Rachel Jones is with the Guttmacher Institute, New York, NY. William D. Mosher is with the Department of Population, Family, and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.
• Am J Public Health. 2019 May 1; 109 (5): 799-805.

ObjectivesTo collect national data on pregnancy frequencies and outcomes among women in US state and federal prisons.MethodsFrom 2016 to 2017, we prospectively collected 12 months of pregnancy statistics from a geographically diverse sample of 22 state prison systems and the Federal Bureau of Prisons. Prisons reported numbers of pregnant women, births, miscarriages, abortions, and other outcomes.ResultsOverall, 1396 pregnant women were admitted to prisons; 3.8% of newly admitted women and 0.6% of all women were pregnant in December 2016. There were 753 live births (92% of outcomes), 46 miscarriages (6%), 11 abortions (1%), 4 stillbirths (0.5%), 3 newborn deaths, and no maternal deaths. Six percent of live births were preterm and 30% were cesarean deliveries. Distributions of outcomes varied by state.ConclusionsOur study showed that the majority of prison pregnancies ended in live births or miscarriages. Our findings can enable policymakers, researchers, and public health practitioners to optimize health outcomes for incarcerated pregnant women and their newborns, whose health has broad sociopolitical implications.

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