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- Steven G Reed, Darrick Carter, Corey Casper, Malcolm S Duthie, and Christopher B Fox.
- Infectious Disease Research Institute, 1616 Eastlake Ave E, Suite 400, Seattle, WA 98102 USA. Electronic address: sreed@idri.org.
- Semin. Immunol. 2018 Oct 1; 39: 22-29.
AbstractLipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a well-defined agonist of Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 that activates innate immune responses and influences the development of the adaptive response during infection with Gram-negative bacteria. Many years ago, Dr. Edgar Ribi separated the adjuvant activity of LPS from its toxic effects, an effort that led to the development of monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL). MPL, derived from Salmonella minnesota R595, has progressed through clinical development and is now used in various product-enabling formulations to support the generation of antigen-specific responses in several commercial and preclinical vaccines. We have generated several synthetic lipid A molecules, foremost glucopyranosyl lipid adjuvant (GLA) and second-generation lipid adjuvant (SLA), and have advanced these to clinical trial for various indications. In this review we summarize the potential and current positioning of TLR4-based adjuvant formulations in approved and emerging vaccines.Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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