• Eva M Szigethy, Ada O Youk, David Benhayon, Diane L Fairclough, Melissa C Newara, Margaret A Kirshner, Simona I Bujoreanu, Christine Mrakotsky, Athos Bousvaros, Arvind I Srinath, David J Keljo, David J Kupfer, and David R DeMaso.
• *Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh †Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine ‡Department of Biostatistics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA §Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora ||Department of Psychiatry, Boston Children's Hospital ¶Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA.
• J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr. 2014 May 1; 58 (5): 574-81.

ObjectiveThe association between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and depression provides a unique opportunity to understand the relation between systemic inflammation and depressive symptom profiles.MethodsYouth (n = 226) ages 9 to 17 years with comorbid IBD and depression underwent psychiatric assessment and evaluation of IBD activity. Latent profile analysis (LPA) identified depressive subgroups based on similar responses to the Children's Depression Rating Scale-Revised. Demographic factors, depression severity, anxiety, IBD activity, inflammatory markers, IBD-related medications, and illness perception were evaluated as predictors of profile membership.ResultsMean age was 14.3 years; 75% had Crohn disease; 31% were taking systemic corticosteroids. Mean depressive severity was moderate, whereas IBD activity, which reflects inflammation, was mild. LPA identified 3 subgroups: Profile-1 (mild, 75%) had diverse low-grade depressive symptoms and highest quality of life; Profile-2 (somatic, 19%) had severe fatigue, appetite change, anhedonia, decreased motor activity, and depressed mood with concurrent high-dose steroid therapy and the highest IBD activity; and Profile-3 (cognitive, 6%) had the highest rates of self-reported depressive symptoms, ostomy placements, and anxiety with IBD symptoms in the relative absence of inflammation.ConclusionsEvidence was found for 3 depression profiles in youth with IBD and depression. Our analyses determined that patients with predominantly somatic or cognitive symptoms of depression comprised 25% of our cohort. These findings may be used to design subgroup-specific interventions for depression in adolescents with IBD and other physical illnesses associated with systemic inflammation.

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