• Hilary Edgcombe, Linden S Baxter, Soren Kudsk-Iversen, Victoria Thwaites, and Fred Bulamba.
• Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (NDA), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
• BMJ Open. 2019 Mar 7; 9 (3): e026218.

ObjectivesTo explore the views of non-physician anaesthesia providers (NPAPs) and their colleagues regarding the effectiveness of NPAP training programmes in three contrasting sub-Saharan African countries.DesignThis was a qualitative exploratory descriptive study. Semistructured interviews were conducted online, recorded, transcribed and analysed thematically using NVivo.SettingParticipants' homes or workplaces in Sierra Leone, Somaliland and Uganda.Participants15 NPAPs, physician anaesthetists and surgeons working in the countries concerned.ResultsThree major themes were identified: (1) discrepancy between urban training and rural practice, (2) prominent development of attitudes outside the curricular set during training, including approaches to learning and clinical responsibility and (3) the importance of interprofessional relationships developed during training for later practice.ConclusionsAnaesthesia providers in different cadres and very different country contexts in sub-Saharan Africa describe common themes in training which appear to be significant for their later practice. Not all these issues are explicitly planned for in current training programmes, although they are important in the view of providers. Subsequent programme development should consider these themes with a view to enhancing the safety and quality of anaesthesia practice in this context.© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2019. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.

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