• Medicine · Dec 2021

    Case Reports

    Melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy in the mandible: A case report.

    • Ryoko Takeuchi, Akinori Funayama, Yohei Oda, Tatsuya Abé, Manabu Yamazaki, Satoshi Maruyama, Takafumi Hayashi, Jun-Ichi Tanuma, and Tadaharu Kobayashi.
    • Division of Reconstructive Surgery for Oral and Maxillofacial Region, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan.
    • Medicine (Baltimore). 2021 Dec 17; 100 (50): e28001e28001.

    RationaleMelanocytic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy (MNTI) is a rare benign pigmented neoplasm that arises from the neural crest and has an aggressive growth pattern. It is predominantly seen in infants under 1 year of age, and the most common site of involvement is the maxilla. The currently accepted treatment is removal by surgical resection. Herein, we report a case of MNTI that involved the anterior alveolar ridge of the mandible in a 6-month-old infant.Patient ConcernsA case of a 6-month-old male child with a huge mass in the anterior alveolar ridge of the mandible.DiagnosisThe tumor was diagnosed using histopathological and immunohistochemical techniques on the biopsy specimen obtained following incisional biopsy. Based on the findings, a final diagnosis of MNTI was established.InterventionsRadical resection of the tumor was performed, after determining the extent of resection by referring to the mandibular 3D model created using the pre-operative CT data.OutcomesThe postoperative course was uneventful, and no recurrence has been observed to date for more than 4 years after surgery.LessonsThis case emphasizes that early diagnosis and radical surgery are critical to the effective treatment, as MNTI exhibits rapid and destructive growth. It also requires careful and close follow-up because of high recurrence rates.Copyright © 2021 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.

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