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- Constantinos Ketonis, Asif M Ilyas, and Frederic Liss.
- Rothman Institute at Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, 925 Chestnut Street, 5th Floor, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA. Electronic address: ketonis@gmail.com.
- Orthop. Clin. North Am. 2015 Jul 1;46(3):399-408, xi.
AbstractModern anesthetic agents have allowed for the rapid expansion of ambulatory surgery, particularly in hand surgery. The choice between general anesthesia, peripheral regional blocks, regional intravenous anesthesia (Bier block), local block with sedation, and the recently popularized wide-awake hand surgery depends on several variables, including the type and duration of the procedure and patient characteristics, coexisting conditions, location, and expected length of the procedure. This article discusses the various perioperative and postoperative analgesic options to optimize the hand surgical patients' experience.Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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