• Curr Opin Pharmacol · Oct 2019

    Review

    Focus on the essentials: tryptophan metabolism and the microbiome-gut-brain axis.

    • Cassandra Elise Gheorghe, Jason A Martin, Francisca Villalobos Manriquez, Timothy G Dinan, John F Cryan, and Gerard Clarke.
    • Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
    • Curr Opin Pharmacol. 2019 Oct 1; 48: 137-145.

    AbstractThe gut-brain axis is a bidirectional communication system between the central nervous system and the gastrointestinal tract, in which serotonin (5-HT) functions as a key neurotransmitter. Recent research has increasingly concentrated on tryptophan, the precursor to 5-HT and on the microbial regulation of tryptophan metabolism, with an emphasis on host-microbe control over kynurenine pathway metabolism and microbial-specific pathways that generate bioactive tryptophan metabolites. Here, we critically assess recent progress made towards a mechanistic understanding of the microbial regulation of tryptophan metabolism and microbiota-gut-brain axis homeostasis highlighting the role tryptophan metabolism plays in preclinical and clinical neuroscience and in the challenge to improve our understanding of how perturbed tryptophan metabolism contributes to stress-related psychiatric disorders.Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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