• Yaxi Luo, Man Chen, Jinghuan Fang, Shuju Dong, Mengmeng Ma, Jiajia Bao, Ling Feng, and Li He.
• Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
• Neurocrit Care. 2022 Oct 1; 37 (2): 399-409.

BackgroundEarly neurological deterioration (END) after endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) is strongly associated with poor prognosis in patients with large vessel occlusion. The relationship between body temperature and END after EVT is unknown, which we aimed to investigate in this study.MethodsEND was defined as an increase of four or more points on the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score compared with the baseline assessment within 24 h. Logistic regression and restricted cubic spline models were used to assess the relationship between body temperature and END.ResultsAmong 7741 consecutive patients with ischemic stroke, 406 patients with large vessel occlusion who underwent EVT were enrolled. In total, 88 (21.7%) patients developed END. Logistic regression showed that the maximum body temperature within 24 h (odds ratio [OR] = 1.97 per °C, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.17-3.32, p = 0.010) was independently associated with END. This association was nonlinear and J shaped (p for nonlinearity = 0.010), and the risk of END increased when the maximum body temperature within 24 h was lower or higher than 37.0 °C. Fever burden is also independently associated with END (OR = 1.06 per °C  × hour, 95% CI 1.01-1.11, p = 0.012). In addition, the timing of fever onset was independently associated with END, and the highest risk of END was associated with fever onset within 6 h after EVT (OR = 3.92, 95% CI 1.25-12.27, p = 0.019).ConclusionsIn summary, there is a J-shaped association between the maximum body temperature within 24 h after EVT and END. Moreover, the risk of END differed according to the timing of fever onset.© 2022. Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature and Neurocritical Care Society.

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