• Jill M Cholette, Jennifer A Muszynski, Juan C Ibla, Sitaram Emani, Marie E Steiner, Adam M Vogel, Robert I Parker, Marianne E Nellis, Melania M Bembea, and Pediatric Critical Care Transfusion and Anemia EXpertise Initiative–Control/Avoidance of Bleeding (TAXI-CAB), in collaboration with the Pediatric Critical Care Blood Research Network (BloodNet), and the Pediatric Acute Lung Injury and Sepsis Investigators.
• Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Golisano Children's Hospital, Rochester, NY.
• Pediatr Crit Care Me. 2022 Jan 1; 23 (13 Supple 1 1S): e25e36e25-e36.

ObjectivesTo present the recommendations and consensus statements with supporting literature for plasma and platelet transfusions in critically ill neonates and children undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass or supported by extracorporeal membrane oxygenation from the Transfusion and Anemia EXpertise Initiative-Control/Avoidance of Bleeding.DesignSystematic review and consensus conference of international, multidisciplinary experts in platelet and plasma transfusion management of critically ill children.SettingNot applicable.PatientsCritically ill neonates and children following cardiopulmonary bypass or supported by extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.InterventionsNone.Measurements And Main ResultsA panel of nine experts developed evidence-based and, when evidence was insufficient, expert-based statements for plasma and platelet transfusions in critically ill neonates and children following cardiopulmonary bypass or supported by extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. These statements were reviewed and ratified by the 29 Transfusion and Anemia EXpertise Initiative-Control/Avoidance of Bleeding experts. A systematic review was conducted using MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases, from inception to December 2020. Consensus was obtained using the Research and Development/University of California, Los Angeles Appropriateness Method. Results were summarized using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation method. We developed one good practice statement, two recommendations, and three expert consensus statements.ConclusionsWhereas viscoelastic testing and transfusion algorithms may be considered, in general, evidence informing indications for plasma and platelet transfusions in neonatal and pediatric patients undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass or those requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support is lacking.Copyright © 2022 by the Society of Critical Care Medicine and the World Federation of Pediatric Intensive and Critical Care Societies.

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