• Tara M Kopp, Theresa M Frey, Mark Zakrajsek, Jennifer Nystrom, Gena N Koutsounadis, Kelly S Falcone, Yin Zhang, Eric Wall, Terri Byczkowski, and Matthew R Mittiga.
• From the Department of Pediatrics, Norton Children's and University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY.
• Pediatr Emerg Care. 2022 Jan 1; 38 (1): e410e416e410-e416.

ObjectivesThis study aimed to define the proportion of children who seek assistance for poorly controlled fracture pain, identify factors associated with requesting help, and explore caregivers' opioid preferences.MethodsWe enrolled 251 children and their caregivers in the orthopedic surgery clinic of a tertiary care children's hospital. Children 5 to 17 years old presenting within 10 days of injury for follow-up for a single-extremity, nonoperative long bone fracture(s) were eligible. The primary outcome was seeking unscheduled evaluation or advice for poorly controlled pain before the first routine follow-up appointment by telephone call, medical visit, or rescheduling to an earlier appointment. Factors associated with the outcome were assessed using bivariable analysis.ResultsOverall, 7.3% (95% confidence interval, 4.1%-10.6%) of participants sought unscheduled evaluation or advice for poorly controlled pain. The 2 most common reasons were to obtain over-the-counter analgesic dosage information (64.7%) and a stronger analgesic (29.4%). These children were more likely to have a leg fracture, have an overriding or translated fracture, or require manual reduction under procedural sedation. These children had higher Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Pain Behavior and Pain Interference scores and more anxious caregivers. One-third of caregivers expressed hesitancy or refusal to use opioids to treat severe pain, and 45.7% reported potential addiction or abuse as the rationale.ConclusionsA notable proportion of children seek assistance for poorly controlled fracture-related pain. Medical providers should target discharge instructions to the identified risk factors and engage caregivers in shared decision making if opioids are recommended.Copyright © 2021 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

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