• Liyan Luo, Litao Zhang, Jiahong Jiang, and Xiaoxia Ding.
• Nanjing Gulou Yi Yuan: Nanjing University Medical School Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Intensive care unit Affiliated - Nanjing, China.
• Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992). 2021 Oct 1; 67 (10): 1443-1447.

ObjectivesMean platelet volume is a simple biomarker for inflammatory disease. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the role of mean platelet volume in distinguishing adult-onset Still's disease from sepsis.MethodsWe retrospectively selected 68 patients with adult-onset Still's disease and 55 patients with sepsis between January 2015 and December 2019. Related laboratory data were collected and analyzed.ResultsThere were no significant differences in white blood cell counts, neutrophils, lymphocytes, and C-reactive protein between adult-onset Still's disease group and sepsis group. However, patients in adult-onset Still's disease group showed higher ferritin and platelets and lower mean platelet volume and platelet distribution width than those in sepsis group (p<0.01 for both). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to distinguish adult-onset Still's disease and sepsis. The area under the curve of mean platelet volume was 0.761 (95%CI 0.673-0.849), with a sensitivity of 79.1%, a specificity of 63.3%, and a cutoff value of 10.9 fL. In contrast, the area under the curve of combined ferritin and mean platelet volume was 0.90l (95%CI 0.837-0.965), with higher sensitivity (82.8%) and specificity (96.2%). Therefore, mean platelet volume could be used as a supplementary indicator to distinguish adult-onset Still's disease from sepsis.ConclusionWe suggest that mean platelet volume could be used as a supplementary biomarker for differential diagnosis of adult-onset Still's disease and sepsis in addition to ferritin.

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