• Rahul Ukey, Natalie Bruiners, Hridesh Mishra, Pankaj K Mishra, Deborah McCloskey, Alberta Onyuka, Fei Chen, Abraham Pinter, Daniela Weiskopf, Alessandro Sette, Jason Roy, Sunanda Gaur, and Maria Laura Gennaro.
• Public Health Research Institute, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, ICPH Building, W250Q, 225 Warren Street, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA.
• Bmc Med. 2022 Jan 25; 20 (1): 3232.

BackgroundProtection from severe disease and hospitalization by SARS-CoV-2 vaccination has been amply demonstrated by real-world data. However, the rapidly evolving pandemic raises new concerns. One pertains efficacy of adenoviral vector-based vaccines, particularly the single-dose Ad26.COV2.S, relative to mRNA vaccines.Main BodyWe investigated the immunogenicity of Ad26.COV2.S and mRNA vaccines in 33 subjects vaccinated with either vaccine class 5 months earlier on average. After controlling for the time since vaccination, Spike-binding antibody and neutralizing antibody levels were higher in the mRNA-vaccinated subjects, while no significant differences in antigen-specific B cell and T cell responses were observed between the two groups.ConclusionsA dichotomy exists between the humoral and cellular responses elicited by the two vaccine classes. Testing only for humoral responses to compare the durability of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine-induced responses, as typically performed for public health and research purposes, is insufficient.© 2022. The Author(s).

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