• Vivian P Bastiaenen, Joske de Jonge, Bartholomeus J G A Corten, Elise A J de Savornin Lohman, Anne C Kraima, Hilko A Swank, Jaap L P van Vliet, van AckerGijs J DGJDDepartment of Surgery, Haaglanden Medical Center, The Hague, the Netherlands., van GelovenAnna A WAAWDepartment of Surgery, Tergooi Hospital, Hilversum, the Netherlands., Klaas H In 't Hof, Lianne Koens, Philip R de Reuver, Charles C van Rossem, Gerrit D Slooter, Pieter J Tanis, Valeska Terpstra, DijkgraafMarcel G WMGWDepartment of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands., Willem A Bemelman, and Dutch Snapshot Research Group.
• Department of Surgery, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
• Ann. Surg. 2023 Mar 1; 277 (3): e578e584e578-e584.

ObjectiveTo investigate the oncological safety and potential cost savings of selective histopathological examination after appendectomy.BackgroundThe necessity of routine histopathological examination after appendectomy has been questioned, but prospective studies investigating the safety of a selective policy are lacking.MethodsIn this multicenter, prospective, cross-sectional study, inspection and palpation of the (meso)appendix was performed by the surgeon in patients with suspected appendicitis. The surgeon's opinion on additional value of histopathological examination was reported before sending all specimens to the pathologist. Main outcomes were the number of hypothetically missed appendiceal neoplasms with clinical consequences benefiting the patient (upper limit two-sided 95% confidence interval below 3:1000 considered oncologically safe) and potential cost savings after selective histopathological examination.ResultsSeven thousand three hundred thirty-nine patients were included. After a selective policy, 4966/7339 (67.7%) specimens would have been refrained from histopathological examination. Appendiceal neoplasms with clinical consequences would have been missed in 22/4966 patients. In 5/22, residual disease was completely resected during additional surgery. Hence, an appendiceal neoplasm with clinical consequences benefiting the patient would have been missed in 1.01:1000 patients (upper limit 95% confidence interval 1.61:1000). In contrast, twice as many patients (10/22) would not have been exposed to potential harm due to re-resections without clear benefit, whereas consequences were neither beneficial nor harmful in the remaining seven. Estimated cost savings established by replacing routine for selective histopathological examination were €725,400 per 10,000 patients.ConclusionsSelective histopathological examination after appendectomy for suspected appendicitis is oncologically safe and will likely result in a reduction of pathologists' workload, less costs, and fewer re-resections without clear benefit.Copyright © 2021 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.

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