• N. Engl. J. Med. · Feb 1997

    Mutations in the sarcoglycan genes in patients with myopathy.

    • D J Duggan, J R Gorospe, M Fanin, E P Hoffman, and C Angelini.
    • Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
    • N. Engl. J. Med. 1997 Feb 27; 336 (9): 618-24.

    BackgroundSome patients with autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy have mutations in the genes coding for the sarcoglycan proteins (alpha-, beta-, gamma-, and delta-sarcoglycan). To determine the frequency of sarcoglycan-gene mutations and the relation between the clinical features and genotype, we studied several hundred patients with myopathy.MethodsAntibody against alpha-sarcoglycan was used to stain muscle-biopsy specimens from 556 patients with myopathy and normal dystrophin genes (the gene frequently deleted in X-linked muscular dystrophy). Patients whose biopsy specimens showed a deficiency of alpha-sarcoglycan on immunostaining were studied for mutations of the alpha-, beta-, and gamma-sarcoglycan genes with reverse transcription of muscle RNA, analysis involving single-strand conformation polymorphisms, and sequencing.ResultsLevels of alpha-sarcoglycan were found to be decreased on immunostaining of muscle-biopsy specimens from 54 of the 556 patients (10 percent); in 25 of these patients no alpha-sarcoglycan was detected. Screening for sarcoglycan-gene mutations in 50 of the 54 patients revealed mutations in 29 patients (58 percent): 17 (34 percent) had mutations in the alpha-sarcoglycan gene, 8 (16 percent) in the beta-sarcoglycan gene, and 4 (8 percent) in the gamma-sarcoglycan gene. No mutations were found in 21 patients (42 percent). The prevalence of sarcoglycan-gene mutations was highest among patients with severe (Duchenne-like) muscular dystrophy that began in childhood (18 of 83 patients, or 22 percent); the prevalence among patients with proximal (limb-girdle) muscular dystrophy with a later onset was 6 percent (11 of 180 patients).ConclusionsDefects in the genes coding for the sarcoglycan proteins are limited to patients with Duchenne-like and limb-girdle muscular dystrophy with normal dystrophin and occur in 11 percent of such patients.

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