• Intensive care medicine · Mar 2022

    Multicenter Study

    Mental health symptoms in family members of COVID-19 ICU survivors 3 and 12 months after ICU admission: a multicentre prospective cohort study.

    • Hidde Heesakkers, Johannes G van der Hoeven, Stijn Corsten, Inge Janssen, Esther Ewalds, Dominique Burgers-Bonthuis, RettigThijs C DTCDDepartment of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Amphia Hospital, Breda, The Netherlands., Crétien Jacobs, Susanne van Santen, SlooterArjen J CAJCDepartment of Intensive Care Medicine and UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.Department of Neurology, UZ Brussel and Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium., van der WoudeMargaretha C EMCEDepartment of Intensive Care, Heerlen Medical Center, Heerlen, The Netherlands.Department of Quality and Safety, Heerlen Medical Center, Heerlen, The Netherlands., Marieke Zegers, and Mark van den Boogaard.
    • Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department Intensive Care Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. Hidde.heesakkers@radboudumc.nl.
    • Intensive Care Med. 2022 Mar 1; 48 (3): 322-331.

    PurposeLong-term mental outcomes in family members of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) intensive care unit (ICU) survivors are unknown. Therefore, we assessed the prevalence of mental health symptoms, including associated risk factors, and quality of life (QoL) in family members of COVID-19 ICU survivors 3 and 12 months post-ICU.MethodsA prospective multicentre cohort study in ICUs of ten Dutch hospitals, including adult family members of COVID-19 ICU survivors admitted between March 1, and July 1, 2020. Symptom prevalence rates of anxiety, depression (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale) and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (Impact of Event Scale-6), and QoL (Short Form-12) before ICU admission (baseline), and after 3 and 12 months were measured. Additionally, associations between family and patient characteristics and mental health symptoms were calculated.ResultsA total of 166 out of 197 (84.3%) included family members completed the 12-month follow-up of whom 46.1% and 38.3% had mental health symptoms 3 and 12 months post-ICU, respectively; both higher compared to baseline (22.4%) (p < 0.001). The mental component summary score of the SF-12 was lower at 12-month follow-up compared with baseline [mean difference mental component score: - 5.5 (95% confidence interval (CI) - 7.4 to - 3.6)]. Furthermore, 27.9% experienced work-related problems. Symptoms of anxiety (odds ratio (OR) 9.23; 95% CI 2.296-37.24; p = 0.002) and depression (OR 5.96; 95% CI 1.29-27.42; p = 0.02) prior to ICU admission were identified as risk factors for mental health symptoms after 12 months.ConclusionA considerable proportion of family members of COVID-19 survivors reported mental health symptoms 3 and 12 months after ICU admission, disrupting QoL and creating work-related problems.© 2022. The Author(s).

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