• Raúl Méndez, Laura Feced, Victoria Alcaraz-Serrano, Paula González-Jiménez, Leyre Bouzas, Ricardo Alonso, Luis Martínez-Dolz, David Hervás, Laia Fernández-Barat, Antoni Torres, and Rosario Menéndez.
• Pneumology Department, La Fe University and Polytechnic Hospital, Valencia, Spain; Respiratory Infections Research Group, Health Research Institute La Fe, Valencia, Spain. Electronic address: mendez_rau@gva.es.
• Chest. 2022 Mar 1; 161 (3): 629-636.

BackgroundPopulation-based and retrospective studies have shown that risk for cardiovascular events such as arrythmias, ischemic episodes, or heart failure, increase during and after bronchiectasis exacerbations.Research QuestionWhat are the risk factors for cardiovascular events (CVE) during and after bronchiectasis exacerbations and their impact on mortality?Study Design And MethodsThis was a post hoc retrospective analysis of a prospective observational study of 250 patients with bronchiectasis at two tertiary care hospitals. Only the first exacerbation was considered for each patient, collecting demographic, comorbidity, and severity data. The main outcomes were the appearance of CVE and mortality. Risk factors for CVE were analyzed using a semi-competing risks model.ResultsDuring a median follow-up of 35 months, 74 (29.6%) patients had a CVE and 93 (37.2%) died. Semi-competing risk analysis indicated that age, arterial hypertension, COPD, and potentially severe exacerbations significantly increased the risk for developing CVE. Compared with patients without CVE, those with CVE had higher mortality.InterpretationDemographic factors and comorbidities are risk factors for the development of CVE after an acute exacerbation of bronchiectasis. The appearance of CVE worsens long-term prognosis.Copyright © 2021 American College of Chest Physicians. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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