• Fabian Frost, Frank U Weiss, and Markus M Lerch.
• Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin A, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Str., 17475, Greifswald, Deutschland. fabian.frost@med.uni-greifswald.de.
• Internist (Berl). 2022 Apr 1; 63 (4): 372-378.

BackgroundThe human body is inhabited by diverse microorganisms. Together, this so-called microbiome exerts important metabolic functions and contributes to the maintenance of health. At the same time, shifts in the microbiome composition may lead to disease.ObjectivesReview of the current literature about the role of the microbiome in diseases of the pancreas.Materials And MethodsLiterature search in PubMed and Embase.ResultsThe exocrine pancreas is a major factor determining the composition and stability of the intestinal microbiome even in healthy people without pancreatic disease. Inflammatory diseases of the pancreas such as acute or chronic pancreatitis lead to reduced microbial diversity, loss of gut barrier stabilizing bacteria and an increase in facultative pathogens like Escherichia or Enterococcus. Even pancreatic cancer tissue harbours microbiota and mice models have shown that the growth of pancreatic cancer can be inhibited by microbiota ablation.ConclusionsInflammatory diseases of the pancreas lead to gut microbiome dysbiosis and tumor microbiota probably play a role in the development of pancreatic cancer. Until now, however, there is no proof that therapeutic microbiota modulation in individuals with pancreatic disease can improve mortality or quality of life. At this point, the analysis of the microbiome in pancreatic disease should only be performed in scientific studies.© 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Medizin Verlag GmbH, ein Teil von Springer Nature.

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