• JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc · Feb 2022

    Malignant Serous Effusions among Hospital In-patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.

    • Ramesh Dhakhwa, Shreya Sapkota, Anju Maharjan, and Sailesh Pradhan.
    • Department of Pathology, Kathmandu Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Sinamangal, Kathmandu, Nepal.
    • JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc. 2022 Feb 15; 60 (246): 167-170.

    IntroductionCell block technique is an adjunct to conventional smears in the diagnosis of malignancy in effusion fluid. It aims at retrieving cellular material and concentrating cells in a small field, with preservation of cytomorphologic details. The objective of this study was to find the proportion of malignant serous effusions using cell block technique among hospital in-patients in a tertiary care centre.MethodsThis was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted among patients visiting a tertiary care centre between 1st June 2020 to 30th November 2020. Ethical approval was taken from the Institutional Review Committee (Reference number: 305202001). Using a convenience sampling method, 96 hospital in-patients were included in the study. Serous effusions were evaluated by conventional smears and cell block sections. Data was analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 23. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation.ResultsAmong 96 hospital in-patients, 15 (15.62%) (8.35-22.88 at 95% Confidence Interval) were diagnosed as positive for malignancy by using cell block technique. By conventional smears, 80 (83.33%) cases turned out to be negative for malignancy, 13 (13.54%) were positive for malignancy and three (3.12%) were suspicious for malignancy. Of the three (3.12%) cases suspected for malignancy, two turned out to be positive for malignancy and one was found to be negative for malignancy on cell block technology.ConclusionsThe proportion of malignant serous effusions was similar in comparison to other studies. Cell block technique could be routinely incorporated along with conventional smears for a more accurate diagnosis of malignancy on serous effusion.

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