• Haoran Jiang, Jipeng Song, Wancheng Lin, Meng Yi, Mingtao Yao, and Lixiang Ding.
• Department of Spine, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 10 Tieyi Road, Yangfangdian, Haidian District, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
• Medicine (Baltimore). 2022 Feb 25; 101 (8): e28413e28413.

RationaleRosai-Dorfman disease (RDD) is a rare, benign, self-limiting disease, also known as sinus histiocytosis with giant lymphadenopathy. Skeletal involvement is rare, and this isolated bone lesion usually occurs in adults with no other symptoms. It is estimated that 0.6% to 1% of RDD cases have isolated or complicated spinal lesions, which may occur in the bone, dura, and spinal parenchyma, but spinal RDD has no pathologic clinical or imaging features.Patient ConcernsA 25-year-old woman presented with complaints of low back pain without obvious causes for a month.DiagnosisRDD with spinal involvement.InterventionsResection of the spinous process of the third lumbar spine was performed under epidural anesthesia.OutcomesAt the time of discharge, the patient had no problems with autonomous activities and reported no discomfort. We also followed up the patient at 12 and 36 months after surgery, and the patient reported no discomfort, inconvenience, and no recurrence of symptoms. Imaging examination 1 year after surgery showed no recurrence.LessonThis case suggests that surgery for RDD with spinal involvement may not require internal fixation.Copyright © 2022 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.

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