• Ofir Koren, Moriah Shachar, Amit Shahar, Mohammad Barbour, Ehud Rozner, Daniel Benhamou, Alisa Leeds Rosenberg, Yoav Turgeman, Robert Naami, Edmund Naami, Einat Mader, and Saleem Abu Rajab.
• Heart Institute, Emek Medical Center, Afula, Israel; Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel. Electronic address: Ofirko1@clalit.org.il.
• Am. J. Med. Sci. 2022 Aug 1; 364 (2): 168-175.

BackgroundDuring the COVID-19 outbreak, numerous reports indicated a higher mortality rate among cardiovascular patients. We investigated how this trend applied to patients admitted to the cardiac intensive care unit (CICU).MethodsWe retrospectively compared CICU patients admitted during the initial peak of the COVID outbreak between February and May 2020 (Covid Era, CE group) to a control group in pre-pandemic time in 2019. We interviewed patients to determine the symptom onset time and the time interval between symptomology and hospital arrival.ResultsThe data of 292 patients were used in the analysis (119 patients in the CE group and 173 in the control group). CE patients had a higher incidence of ischemic heart disease (IHD) (p<.03), heart failure (p<.04), and psychiatric disorders (p<.001). During COVID time, more patients were hospitalized with myocarditis (OR: 26.45), arrhythmias (OR: 2.88), and new heart failure (HF) (p<.001) and less with STEMI (OR: 0.39; 95% CI: 0.24-0.63). Fewer PCIs were performed in the CE group (p<.001), with an overall lower success rate (p<.05) than reported in the control group. Patients in the CE group reported a longer period between symptom onset to hospital arrival (p<.001, χ2 = 12.42). The six-month survival rate was significantly lower in CE patients (χ2 = 7.01, P = 0.008).ConclusionsAmong CICU patients admitted to our center during the initial period of the COVID pandemic, STEMI events were less frequent while cases of newly diagnosed HF sharply increased. Patients waited longer after symptom onset before seeking medical care during the pandemic. The delay may have resulted in clinical deterioration that could explain the high mortality rate and the new HF admission rate.Copyright © 2022 Southern Society for Clinical Investigation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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