• Anita R Iskandar, Filippo Zanetti, Athanasios Kondylis, Florian Martin, Patrice Leroy, Shoaib Majeed, Sandro Steiner, Yang Xiang, Ortega TorresLauraLPhilip Morris International R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland., Keyur Trivedi, Emmanuel Guedj, Celine Merg, Stefan Frentzel, Nikolai V Ivanov, Utkarsh Doshi, Kyeonghee Monica Lee, Willie J McKinney, Manuel C Peitsch, and Julia Hoeng.
• Philip Morris International R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland. Anita.Iskandar@pmi.com.
• Intern Emerg Med. 2019 Sep 1; 14 (6): 863883863-883.

AbstractIn the context of tobacco harm-reduction strategy, the potential reduced impact of electronic cigarette (EC) exposure should be evaluated relative to the impact of cigarette smoke exposure. We conducted a series of in vitro studies to compare the biological impact of an acute exposure to aerosols of "test mix" (flavors, nicotine, and humectants), "base" (nicotine and humectants), and "carrier" (humectants) formulations using MarkTen® EC devices with the impact of exposure to smoke of 3R4F reference cigarettes, at a matching puff number, using human organotypic air-liquid interface buccal and small airway cultures. We measured the concentrations of nicotine and carbonyls deposited in the exposure chamber after each exposure experiment. The deposited carbonyl concentrations were used as representative measures to assess the reduced exposure to potentially toxic volatile substances. We followed a systems toxicology approach whereby functional biological endpoints, such as histopathology and ciliary beating frequency, were complemented by multiplex and omics assays to measure secreted inflammatory proteins and whole-genome transcriptomes, respectively. Among the endpoints analyzed, the only parameters that showed a significant response to EC exposure were secretion of proteins and whole-genome transcriptomes. Based on the multiplex and omics analyzes, the cellular responses to EC aerosol exposure were tissue type-specific; however, those alterations were much smaller than those following cigarette smoke exposure, even when the EC aerosol exposure under the testing conditions resulted in a deposited nicotine concentration approximately 200 times that in saliva of EC users.

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