• Leonardo de Souza Alves and Francisco Batista de Oliveira.
• MD, Urologist, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas de Minas Gerais (FCM-MG). Director of Procriar - Instituto de Urologia e Andrologia. Full Member of the Sociedade Brasileira de Urologia (SBU), the American Urological Association (AUA), and the American Confederation of Urology (CAU). Full Member of the Colégio Brasileiro de Cirurgiões (CBC), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
• Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992). 2017 Apr 1; 63 (4): 332-335.

Introduction:Varicocele disease is well-known cause of infertility in men. The presence of spermatic varices veins create a hostile environment to spermatogenesis. It results in reduced quality of the sperm production and in some cases can determine a total absence of sperm. The varicocelectomy procedure in patients with non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) can raise the rates of sperm in the semen analysis. A positive rate for sperm, even if very low, may be sufficient to enable the capture of sperm intended for in-vitro fertilization without the use of donor sperm.Objetive:To evaluate the raise of sperm in NOA patients with varicocele disease who were submitted to a bilateral procedure to recovery sperm production.Method:We analized the sperm results of 25 NOA patients who undergone to a bilateral varicocelectomy procedure.Results:From a total of 25 patients, three (12%) recovered sperm count four months after procedure. One year after the procedure, five (20%) patients recovered sperm production.Conclusion:Patients with varicocele disease and azoospermia, without genetic changes or obstruction of the spermatic tract, should undergo surgical procedure to recover sperm.

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