• Rev Invest Clin · Nov 2017

    Serological Evidence of Borrelia Burgdorferi Infection in Mexican Patients with Facial Palsy.

    • Guadalupe Gordillo-Pérez, Ireri García-Juárez, Fortino Solórzano-Santos, Lidiette Corrales-Zúñiga, Onofre Muñoz-Hernández, and Javier Torres-López.
    • Unidad de Investigación Médica de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Parasitarias (UIMEIP), Hospital de Pediatría, Centro Médico Nacional SXXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico.
    • Rev Invest Clin. 2017 Nov 1; 69 (6): 344-348.

    BackgroundFacial palsy is the most frequent manifestation of neuroborreliosis in the United States, Europe, and Asia, whereas in Mexico, its frequency is unknown.ObjectiveWe aimed to determine the frequency of Borrelia spp. infection in patients with acute facial palsy in Mexico.Materials And MethodsIn this cross-sectional, referral hospital-based survey, 191 patients with facial palsy were selected and clinical and epidemiologic data recorded. IgM and IgG serum antibodies to Borrelia burgdorferi were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and confirmed by Western-Blot (WB). IgM and IgG antibodies against the herpes viruses HSV-1, HSV-2, cytomegalovirus, and Epstein-Barr virus were tested by ELISA.Results71 patients (37%) tested positive by ELISA to either Borrelia spp. or the herpes viruses. Of 25 patients (13%) who tested positive for B. burgdorferi by ELISA, 23 (12%) were confirmed by WB; 14 had IgM and 9 had IgG antibodies. Among the 14 IgM-WB positive patients, two cases recognized antigens of B. burgdorferi sensu stricto (s.s.), 10 of Borrelia garinii and 2 of B. afzelii, whereas all 9 IgG-WB positive were reactive against B. burgdorferi s.s. 14 patients had facial palsy in addition to other clinical data compatible with Lyme borreliosis. Patients infected with B. burgdorferi s.s. had a longer recovery time and a significantly higher risk (odds ratio 4.4, 95% confidence interval 1.5-12.9) of recurrent facial palsy than patients infected with other Borrelia genospecies.ConclusionsBorrelia infection is frequent in facial palsy patients in Mexico, with B. burgdorferi s.s. and B. garinii being the most frequent causative species.Copyright: © 2017 SecretarÍa de Salud

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