• Vari M Drennan, Mary Halter, Louise Joly, Heather Gage, Robert L Grant, Jonathan Gabe, Sally Brearley, Wilfred Carneiro, and Simon de Lusignan.
• Faculty of Health, Social Care and Education, Kingston University and St George's University of London, London.
• Br J Gen Pract. 2015 May 1; 65 (634): e344-50.

BackgroundPhysician associates [PAs] (also known as physician assistants) are new to the NHS and there is little evidence concerning their contribution in general practice.AimThis study aimed to compare outcomes and costs of same-day requested consultations by PAs with those of GPs.Design And SettingAn observational study of 2086 patient records presenting at same-day appointments in 12 general practices in England.MethodPA consultations were compared with those of GPs. Primary outcome was re-consultation within 14 days for the same or linked problem. Secondary outcomes were processes of care.ResultsThere were no significant differences in the rates of re-consultation (rate ratio 1.24, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.86 to 1.79, P = 0.25). There were no differences in rates of diagnostic tests ordered (1.08, 95% CI = 0.89 to 1.30, P = 0.44), referrals (0.95, 95% CI = 0.63 to 1.43, P = 0.80), prescriptions issued (1.16, 95% CI = 0.87 to 1.53, P = 0.31), or patient satisfaction (1.00, 95% CI = 0.42 to 2.36, P = 0.99). Records of initial consultations of 79.2% (n = 145) of PAs and 48.3% (n = 99) of GPs were judged appropriate by independent GPs (P<0.001). The adjusted average PA consultation was 5.8 minutes longer than the GP consultation (95% CI = 2.46 to 7.1; P<0.001); cost per consultation was GBP £6.22, (US$ 10.15) lower (95% CI = -7.61 to -2.46, P<0.001).ConclusionThe processes and outcomes of PA and GP consultations for same-day appointment patients are similar at a lower consultation cost. PAs offer a potentially acceptable and efficient addition to the general practice workforce.© British Journal of General Practice 2015.

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