• A S Haider, G Kaye, and A Thomson.
• Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, The Canberra Hospital, Australian National University, Canberra ACT, Australia.
• Intern Med J. 2010 Apr 1; 40 (4): 281-5.

BackgroundPrevious studies describing autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) come from liver transplant centres in which a skewed distribution of cases may give a misleading picture of the incidence of AIH and its natural history. This series describes AIH in a stable and demographically discrete population of patients in the Australian Capital Territory (ACT) and the surrounding region.MethodsIn 42 patients with type 1 AIH (point prevalence 8 per 100,000 population), clinical, laboratory and histological features at presentation, response to initial therapy, details of maintenance therapy and outcome were recorded.ResultsConsistent with other publications, the male-to-female ratio was 1:3, mean age at presentation was 53 years and 24% had cirrhosis at diagnosis. Most patients (86%) responded to initial therapy and 67% went into long-term remission. One patient died from liver failure and none required liver transplantation. Azathioprine was included in the treatment regimen in 74% of cases with doses generally <2 mg/kg. Azathioprine dose greater than or equal to 2 mg/kg was associated with better clinical outcome, but this did not reach statistical significance. A higher proportion of female patients had cirrhosis at presentation (9/10 vs 1/10; P= 0.24).ConclusionIn this Australian community-based study, type 1 AIH was primarily a disease of later life, responded to conventional immunosuppressive therapy and generally has a good prognosis. Further study of the use of azathioprine is warranted to determine the optimal dose.

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