• Jingfeng Gong and Derong Sun.
• Department of Neurology (I), The Fourth Hospital of Daqing, Daqing, China - gongjingfeng819@126.com.
• Minerva Med. 2022 Feb 1; 113 (1): 109-118.

BackgroundTo explore the potential mechanism of curcumin in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and clarify the role of miR-146a in the neuroinflammatory response to AD.MethodsClinical case study: 20 AD patients and 20 age-gender matched non-inflammatory and non-dementia patients in the department of neurology of our hospital were included, peripheral venous blood and cerebrospinal fluid were collected, and mir-146a levels in peripheral blood and cerebrospinal fluid were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. Animal experimental study group: There were 3 groups, including APP/PS1 mice control group, APP/PS1 mice low-dose curcumin treatment group, and C57BL/6J mice wild-type (WT) control group, with 10 mice in each group. mir-146a levels in mice brain tissue were detected by quantitative real-time PCR. Aβ, APP, complement factor H (CFH) and M1 microglia labeled IL-1 β and iNOS in temporal lobe tissues of mice were detected by using Westernblot method.ResultsThe plasma miRNA-146a level in AD group was 39.10±12.97 fmol/L, and that in control group was 60.54±13.16 fmol/L. The plasma miRNA-146a level in AD group was significantly lower than that in control group. The level of miRNA-146a in cerebrospinal fluid of AD group (25.16±5.16 fmol/L) was significantly higher than that of control group (11.35±3.58 fmol/L). After treatment with low dose curcumin, the level of miRNA-146a in APP/PS1 mice decreased significantly, and the expression of A β and APP/PS1 in temporal lobe of mice detected by Western blot decreased significantly, the levels of IL-1 β and iNOS protein decreased significantly, and the protein of CFH increased significantly.ConclusionsmiRNA-146a can be used as one of the potential biomarkers of AD. Low dose curcumin can significantly reduce the level of neuropro-inflammatory miR-146A, up-regulate the expression of CFH protein, inhibit the phenotype of M1 microglia, and play a role in the treatment of AD by promoting the phagocytosis and clearance mechanism of A β.

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