• Yetunde A Kuyinu, Babatunde A Odugbemi, Shukrat O Salisu-Olatunji, Funmilade O Adepoju, and Olumuyiwa O Odusanya.
• Department of Community Health & Primary Health Care, Lagos State University College of Medicine, Lagos, Nigeria; Department of Community Health & Primary Health Care, Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria.
• J Natl Med Assoc. 2018 Feb 1; 110 (1): 88-91.

BackgroundNigeria is one of the ten countries with the highest tuberculosis (TB) burden globally and is experiencing an increasing incidence of drug resistance. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of mycobacterium tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance (DR-TB) among patients screened at the TB clinic of a tertiary institution in Lagos, South-West, Nigeria.MethodsA review of records of 840 patients with suspected drug-resistant TB was carried out from Gene Xpert test clinic register at a tertiary health facility from November 2013 to April 2015. The Data was analyzed with SPSS version 20, Chi square test was used to determine association between DR-TB and the factors examined and the level of significance was set at P < 0.05.ResultsMTB detection among all screened suspects was 43.3%. The prevalence of rifampicin resistance was 17.6% among patients that were investigated for DR-TB and this occurred more in the working age group (15-54 years) with male to female ratio of 1.8:1. However, only history of close contact with known DR-TB patient was associated with DR-TB (P < 0.01).ConclusionThe burden of DR-TB may be higher than previously thought. Drug resistance testing should be made more available to detect cases and thus control the emerging problem.Copyright © 2018 National Medical Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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