• Yuki Hari, Shiho Satomi, Chiaki Murakami, Soshi Narasaki, Atsushi Morio, Takahiro Kato, Yasuo M Tsutsumi, Nami Kakuta, and Katsuya Tanaka.
• Department of Anesthesiology, Tokushima University, 3-18-15, Kuramoto, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan.
• J Anesth. 2022 Apr 1; 36 (2): 265-269.

PurposePostoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a common adverse event after surgery. Remimazolam is a novel sedative agent recently approved for general anesthesia in Japan. This study evaluated the efficacy of remimazolam in the incidence of PONV after laparoscopic gynecological surgery under general anesthesia.MethodsThis prospective, randomized controlled trial included 64 women who underwent laparoscopic gynecological surgery. The patients were randomly assigned to undergo general anesthesia with either remimazolam (REM group) or desflurane (DES group, n = 30, each group). The primary outcome was the incidence of PONV in the two groups at 2 h and 24 h after the surgery. The incidence of vomiting, rescue antiemetic use, and severity of nausea were also evaluated.ResultsIn the REM group, the incidence of PONV (27% versus 60%, respectively; P = 0.02), rescue antiemetic use (0 versus 7, respectively; P = 0.01), and nausea score (P = 0.01) were significantly decreased during the first 2 h after surgery. No parameters were significantly different 24 h after surgery between the two groups.ConclusionRemimazolam can reduce the incidence of PONV after laparoscopic gynecological surgery compared to general anesthesia with desflurane during the early postoperative period.© 2022. The Author(s) under exclusive licence to Japanese Society of Anesthesiologists.

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