• George V Z Dedoussis, Alexandra Kapiri, Anastasia Samara, Dimitris Dimitriadis, Daniel Lambert, Michele Pfister, Gerard Siest, and Sophie Visvikis-Siest.
• Department of Dietetics-Nutrition, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece. dedousi@hua.gr
• Eur. J. Clin. Invest. 2010 May 1; 40 (5): 388-92.

BackgroundAdipose tissue secrets several adipokines that have been proposed to be enrolled in many inflammatory pathways. Our aim was to investigate the adipokine expression in adipose tissue and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in children.Materials And MethodsThirty-one (17 males and 14 females) healthy children aged 10.9 +/- 1.8 years with a body mass index (BMI) of 19.3 +/- 3.5 kg m(-2) were enrolled. Adipokines (TNF-alpha, IL-6 and leptin) gene expression was quantified by real-time quantitative PCR in adipose tissue and PBMCs from the same children. Their serum levels were also measured.ResultsBMI was positively correlated with leptin gene expression in adipose tissue and with leptin serum levels (beta = 0.476, P = 0.006 and beta = 0.576, P = 0.003 respectively). Leptin's serum levels were positively correlated with leptin gene expression in adipose tissue (beta = 0.462, P = 0.02). Adipose tissue gene expression of leptin and TNF-alpha and serum leptin and TNF-alpha serum levels were positively correlated (beta = 0.752, P < 0.001, beta = 0.311 and P = 0.015 respectively). In PBMCs, a positive correlation between TNF-alpha and IL-6 expression was found (beta = 0.526, P = 0.042).ConclusionWe demonstrated powerful correlations of adipokines gene expression in adipose tissue and PBMCs in children, underlying that these molecules share common pathways related to childhood obesity.

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