• Judith A Turner, Donald A Calsyn, Wilbert E Fordyce, and Brian L Ready.
• University of Washington Pain Center, Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, RP-10, Rehabilitation Medicine, and Anesthesiology, University of Washington, School of Medicine, Seattle, Wash. 98195, U.S.A. Veterans Administration Medical Center, VA Outpatient Clinic, 1520 Third Avenue, Suite 200, Seattle, Wash. 98191 U.S.A.
• Pain. 1982 Apr 1; 12 (4): 357-363.

AbstractIn the population of chronic pain patients seen at multidisciplinary pain clinics, excessive and/or inappropriate medication use is a frequent problem. This study examined differences between chronic pain patients who used no addicting medication (30% of the sample of 131 patients), those who used narcotic but not sedative medications (33%) and those who used both narcotic and sedative medications (37%). Patients in the narcotic and narcotic-sedative groups had undergone significantly more pain-related hospitalizations and surgeries than those in the no addicting drugs group. Narcotic-sedative patients spent significantly more money on pain medication per month, reported significantly greater physical impairment, and had higher MMPI hypochondriasis and hysteria scores when compared to the other patients. The findings are interpreted in light of the hypothesis that certain patients show greater readiness to complain of and seek help for physical symptoms.

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