• W A Zarouk, I R Hussein, N N Esmaeil, H M Raslan, H A A Reheim, O Moguib, N A Emara, A A Aly, and M Hamed.
• Molecular Genetic and Enzymology Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt. w_zarouk@yahoo.com
• Bratisl Med J. 2012 Jan 1; 113 (1): 14-8.

ObjectivesThis study was conducted to determine the association of insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism of the ACE gene in hypertensive and T2DM subjects in Egyptian population.BackgroundThe deletion (D) allele of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene has been studied in relation to hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with contradictory results which might be due to ethnic and geographical variations.MethodsA total of 85 subjects participated in this study; hypertension (Group 1); type 2 diabetes mellitus (Group 2) and controls (Group 3). Written informed consent was obtained. for each subject: age, sex, diabetes duration and the drugs used, blood pressure (systolic and diastolic), and lipid profile. Genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).ResultsThe frequency of DD genotype was significantly higher in hypertensive (60 %) and diabetic patients (68 %) compared to controls (33.3 %) (p=0.04, p=0.01 respectively). The DD genotype (vs DI and II genotype) in the hypertensive and diabetic groups is associated with increased risk of hypertension and/or diabetes. OR=3.00; 95%, Cl = 0.993-9.067; OR=4.250; 95%, Cl = 1.234-14.63 respectively). The D allele was more frequent in hypertensive (77.5 %) and diabetic patients (82 %) compared to controls (52.4 %) (p=0.004 and 0.002 respectively). The D allele (vs the I allele) is associated with increased risk of hypertension and diabetes OR=3.13, 95%Cl=1.405-6.978; OR= 4.14, 95% CI= 1.615-10.622 respectively).ConclusionThe DD genotype and the D allele are associated with hypertension and type 2 diabetes in Egyptian patients (Tab. 5, Fig. 1, Ref. 32).

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