• Eur. J. Intern. Med. · Jun 2022

    Review

    Sodium glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors protect the cardiorenal axis: Update on recent mechanistic insights related to kidney physiology.

    • Charlotte C van Ruiten, Anne C Hesp, and Daniël H van Raalte.
    • Amsterdam Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers (Amsterdam UMC), location VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117 (room ZH 4A63), Amsterdam 1081 HV, the Netherland. Electronic address: c.ruiten@amsterdamumc.nl.
    • Eur. J. Intern. Med. 2022 Jun 1; 100: 13-20.

    AbstractSodium glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have acquired a central role in the treatment of type 2 diabetes, chronic kidney disease including diabetic kidney disease, and heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. SGLT2 inhibitors lower glucose levels by inducing glycosuria. In addition, SGLT2 inhibitors improve cardiovascular outcomes (3-point MACE), end-stage kidney disease, hospitalization for heart failure, and cardiovascular mortality in people with and without diabetes. The mechanisms underlying these benefits have been extensively investigated, but remain poorly understood. In this review, we first summarize recent trial evidence and subsequently focus on (1) the mechanisms by which SGLT2 inhibitors improve kidney outcomes and (2) the potential role of the kidneys in mediating the cardioprotective effects of SGLT2 inhibitors.Copyright © 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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