• Marion Demouron, Marie Selvy, Jeanne Dembinski, François Mauvais, Nicolas Cheynel, Karem Slim, Charles Sabbagh, and Jean-Marc Regimbeau.
• From the Department of Digestive Surgery, Amiens University Medical Center and Jules Verne University of Picardie, Amiens Cedex, France (Demouron, Dembinski, Mauvais, Sabbagh, Regimbeau).
• J. Am. Coll. Surg. 2022 May 1; 234 (5): 840-848.

BackgroundEnhanced recovery programs (ERPs) are associated with a lower morbidity rate and a shorter length of stay. The present study's objective was to determine whether an ERP is feasible and effective for patients undergoing early cholecystectomy for grade I or II acute calculous cholecystitis.Study DesignA 2-step multicenter study was performed. In the first step (the feasibility study), patients were consecutively included in a dedicated, prospective database from March 2019 until January 2020. The primary endpoint was the ERP's feasibility, evaluated in terms of the number and nature of the ERP components applied. During the second step, the ERP's effectiveness in acute calculous cholecystitis was evaluated in a case-control study. The ERP+ group comprised consecutive patients who were prospectively included from March 2019 to November 2020 and compared with a control (ERP-) group of patients extracted from the ABCAL randomized controlled trial treated between May 2010 and August 2012 and who had not participated in a dedicated ERP.ResultsDuring the feasibility study, 101 consecutive patients entered the ERP with 17 of the 20 ERP components applied. During the effectiveness study, 209 patients (ERP+ group) were compared with 414 patients (ERP- group). The median length of stay was significantly shorter in the ERP+ group (3.1 vs 5 days; p < 0.001). There were no intergroup differences in the severe morbidity rate, mortality rate, readmission rate, and reoperation rate.ConclusionsImplementation of an ERP after early cholecystectomy for acute calculous cholecystitis appeared to be feasible, effective, and safe for patients. The ERP significantly decreased the length of stay and did not increase the morbidity rate.Copyright © 2022 by the American College of Surgeons. Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

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