• Carlos Alencar Souza Alves Junior, Priscila Custódio Martins, Luiz Rodrigo Augustemak de Lima, and SilvaDiego Augusto SantosDAShttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-0489-7906PhD. Associate Professor, Department of Physical Education, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis (SC), Brazil..
• MSc. Doctoral Student, Postgraduate Program on Physical Education, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis (SC), Brazil.
• Sao Paulo Med J. 2022 Jan 1; 140 (1): 94-100.

BackgroundStudies that test associations between anthropometric indicators and insulin resistance (IR) need to provide better evidence in the context of the pediatric population (children and adolescents) with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), as anthropometric indicators present a better explanation of the distribution of body fat.ObjectiveTo test the associations between anthropometric indicators and insulin resistance (IR) among children and adolescents diagnosed with HIV.Design And SettingCross-sectional study on 65 children and adolescents (8-15 years) infected with HIV through vertical transmission conducted at the Joana de Gusmão Children's Hospital, Florianópolis, Brazil.MethodsThe anthropometric indicators measured were the abdominal (ASF), triceps (TSF), subscapular (SSF) and calf (CSF) skinfolds. The relaxed arm (RAC), waist (WC) and neck (NC) circumferences were also measured. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated from the relationship between body mass and height. IR was calculated through the Homeostasis Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR). Simple and multiple linear regression analyses were used.ResultsAfter adjustment for covariates (sex, bone age, CD4+ T lymphocytes, CD8+ T lymphocytes, viral load, and physical activity), associations between IR and models with SSF and CSF remained. Each of these explained 20% of IR variability. For females, in the adjusted analyses, direct associations between IR and models with ASF (R² = 0.26) and TSF (R² = 0.31) were observed.ConclusionsSSF and CSF in males and ASF and TSF in females were associated with IR in HIV-infected children and adolescents.

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