• Yahya Madihi, Neda Mostofizadeh, Hossein Shamsipour Dehkordi, Maryam Riahinezhad, Silva Hovsepian, Noushin Rostampour, Elham Hashemi Dehkodi, Mahryar Mehrkash, Tooba Momen, and Mahin Hashemipour.
• Metabolic Liver Disease Research Center, Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Imam Hossien Children's Hospital, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
• J Res Med Sci. 2022 Jan 1; 27: 16.

BackgroundWe aimed to investigate the prevalence of nephrocalcinosis (NC) among children with diagnosed congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH). Our findings would be helpful for earlier diagnosis, management, and prevention of NC-related complications.Materials And MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, children with CAH, aged <18 years old who were regularly referred for follow-up, were included. The information of the patients was extracted from their medical files, and they underwent renal ultrasonography for evaluation of the presence of NC.ResultsFrom 120 studied patients with CAH, four patients (3.3%) had NC. The prevalence of NC was higher in males than females (P = 0.05). Mean age and age of CAH diagnosis had a trend to be lower in CAH patients with NC than those without. Regression analysis indicated significant association between NC and sex (P = 0.027, r = 2.24).ConclusionThe results of this study indicated a 3.3% prevalence rate of NC for children with CAH. NC had a trend to be more prevalent in male children with CAH. Though it was not significantly different but given that the mean age and age at diagnosis of CAH in children with CAH and NC was lower that CAH patients without NC, it is suggested that in patients with CAH and NC other factors such as genetic background or unknown disease related factors are associated with hypercalcemia and NC.Copyright: © 2022 Journal of Research in Medical Sciences.

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