• Steven Mulackal Thomas, Yarin Reindorp, Brandon R Christophe, and Edward Sander Connolly.
• Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA. Electronic address: smt2179@cumc.columbia.edu.
• World Neurosurg. 2022 Aug 1; 164: 41-63.

BackgroundWhile clinical guidelines provide a framework for hospital management of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), variation in the resource use and costs of these services exists. We sought to perform a systematic literature review to assess the evidence on hospital resource use and costs associated with management of adult patients with ICH, as well as identify factors that impact variation in such hospital resource use and costs, regarding clinical characteristics and delivery of services.MethodsA systematic literature review was performed using PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Ovid MEDLINE(R) 1946 to present. Articles were assessed against inclusion and exclusion criteria. Study design, ICH sample size, population, setting, objective, hospital characteristics, hospital resource use and cost data, and main study findings were abstracted.ResultsIn total, 43 studies met the inclusion criteria. Pertinent clinical characteristics that increased hospital resource use included presence of comorbidities and baseline ICH severity. Aspects of service delivery that greatly impacted hospital resource consumption included intensive care unit length of stay and performance of surgical procedures and intensive care procedures.ConclusionsHospital resource use and costs for patients with ICH were high and differed widely across studies. Making concrete conclusions on hospital resources and costs for ICH care was constrained, given methodologic and patient variation in the studies. Future research should evaluate the long-term cost-effectiveness of ICH treatment interventions and use specific economic evaluation guidelines and common data elements to mitigate study variation.Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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