• Mohammed A Omair, Maha M Alshehri, Nouf A Altokhais, Ghada A Aljanobi, Maha I El Dessougi, Amal AlHarthi, Maha A Omair, Suzan M Attar, Sami M Bahlas, Abdullah S Alfurayj, Mansour S Alazmi, Alhussain M Asiri, Mohammed M AlOmair, Lobna Al Juffali, and Haya M Almalag.
• Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
• Patient Prefer Adher. 2022 Jan 1; 16: 1105-1114.

PurposeCompliance is essential to achieve treatment goals in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. The current study evaluated compliance and related factors in a large and diverse population.Patients And MethodsPatients with RA who received active treatment were invited to participate in an online survey. The Arabic versions of the 5-Item Compliance Questionnaire for Rheumatology (ACQR-5) and the RA Impact of Disease (RAID) were used to measure compliance and disability, respectively. The patients were sub-grouped based on background disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs). Variables associated with high compliance were selected for the logistic regression analysis.ResultsA total of 1241 patients completed the survey and were included in the final analysis. Of those, 1055 (85%) were females with a mean (±SD) age and disease duration of 47.14 ± 13.71 and 8.77 ± 7.43 years, respectively. The mean RAID was 4.4±2.58, with 980 (79%) having an unacceptable level state. Patients with an unacceptable RAID level had a lower compliance rate (78.8% vs 85.8%, p = 0.001). Demographics associated with high compliance were female sex and increased age, with reported odds ratios of 1.018 (95% CI: 1.007-1.028) and 1.464 (95% CI: 1.016-2.108), respectively. Compliance was similar between patients on Janus kinase inhibitors or biological DMARDs (88.14% vs 80.83%, p = 0.17), between monotherapy, double therapy, or triple therapy recipients (80% vs 82.23% vs 81.32%, p = 0.665), and between patients receiving injectable and oral therapy (77.32% vs 81.14%, p = 0.246).ConclusionA high compliance level was observed in this population, with patient demographics influencing compliance rather than the medication type or route of administration. Interventional studies should focus on the of high-risk patients identified in this study.© 2022 Omair et al.

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