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Med. Clin. North Am. · May 2022
ReviewThe Physical Examination to Assess for Anemia and Hypovolemia.
- Jason D Napolitano.
- David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 757 Westwood Plaza Suite 7501, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. Electronic address: jnapolitano@mednet.ucla.edu.
- Med. Clin. North Am. 2022 May 1; 106 (3): 509-518.
AbstractHypovolemia develops with the loss of extracellular fluid volume or blood. Rapidly identifying hypovolemia can be lifesaving. Indicators of hypovolemia on examination include supine or postural hypotension, increase in heart rate by 30 beats per minute or severe dizziness with standing, and a decrease in central venous pressure detected on visual inspection of the jugular venous pressure or ultrasound assessment of the inferior vena cava or internal jugular veins. Other findings with utility include a dry axilla and dry oral mucosa. With chronic anemia, hemodynamic changes detectable on examination may be minimal, as the body compensates by retaining extracellular volume.Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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