• J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. · Feb 2024

    Characteristics and prognostic significance of right heart remodeling and tricuspid regurgitation after pulmonary endarterectomy.

    • Hideyuki Hayashi, Yuming Ning, Paul Kurlansky, Anna Vaynrub, Matthew Bacchetta, Erika B Rosenzweig, and Koji Takeda.
    • Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY. Electronic address: hh2806@cumc.columbia.edu.
    • J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. 2024 Feb 1; 167 (2): 658667.e7658-667.e7.

    ObjectiveRight heart remodeling and tricuspid regurgitation (TR) are common in patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. This study aimed to investigate the significance of right heart remodeling and TR after pulmonary endarterectomy (PEA) in patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension.MethodsPatients who underwent PEA with preoperative and postoperative transthoracic echocardiograms at our center between June 2010 and July 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. The composite end point was defined as death or hospitalization due to worsening heart failure, bleeding, or recurrent pulmonary embolism.ResultsIn total, 158 patients were included for analysis. Right ventricular basal (48 [45-52] vs 43 [39-47] mm, P < .001), midcavitary (46 [42-50] vs 38 [34-42] mm, P < .001), and longitudinal dimensions (87 [83-93] vs 80 [75-84] mm, P < .001), along with the right atrial volume index (37 [25-51] vs 24 [18-34] mL/m2, P < .001), significantly decreased, whereas left ventricular and atrial sizes and left ventricular ejection fraction increased after PEA. Overall, 78 patients (49%) showed significant TR on preoperative transthoracic echocardiograms, and 33 (21%) had significant residual TR after PEA. Fourteen patients died, and 24 patients met the composite end point. Residual TR after PEA was independently associated with mortality (P = .005) and the composite end point (P = .003). Patients with residual TR had significantly worse survival (log-rank P < .001) and greater event rates (log-rank P = .003) than those without residual TR.ConclusionsSignificant improvements in right heart remodeling were seen following PEA. However, residual TR was a poor prognostic marker.Copyright © 2022 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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