• Kelly A Shaftel, Tyler S Cole, Jubran H Jubran, Tyler D Schriber, and Andrew S Little.
• Department of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona, USA.
• Neurosurgery. 2022 Aug 1; 91 (2): 247255247-255.

BackgroundDespite patients experiencing high recurrence and readmission rates after surgical management of nontraumatic subdural hematomas (SDHs), few studies have examined the causes and predictors of unplanned readmissions in this population on a national scale.ObjectiveTo analyze independent factors predicting 30-day hospital readmissions after surgical treatment of nontraumatic SDH in patients who survived their index surgery and evaluate hospital readmission rates and charges.MethodsUsing the Nationwide Readmissions Database, we identified patients who underwent craniotomy for nontraumatic SDH evacuation (2010-2015) using a retrospective cohort observational study design. National estimates and variances within the cohort were calculated after stratifying, hospital clustering, and weighting variables.ResultsAmong 49 013 patients, 10 643 (21.7%) had at least 1 readmission within 30 days of their index treatment and 38 370 (78.3%) were not readmitted. Annual readmission rates did not change during the study period ( P = .74). The most common primary causes of 30-day readmissions were recurrent SDH (n = 3949, 37.1%), venous thromboembolism (n = 1373, 12.9%), and delayed hyponatremia and syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (n = 1363, 12.8%). Comorbidities that independently predicted readmission included congestive heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, coagulopathy, diabetes mellitus, liver disease, lymphoma, fluid and electrolyte disorders, metastatic cancer, peripheral vascular disease, psychosis, and renal failure ( P ≤ .03). Household income in the 51st to 75th percentile was associated with a decreased risk of readmission.ConclusionNational trends in 30-day readmission rates after nontraumatic SDH treatment by craniotomy provide quality benchmarks that can be used to drive quality improvement efforts on a national level.Copyright © Congress of Neurological Surgeons 2022. All rights reserved.

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