• Ali A Rabaan, MutairAbbas AlAA0000-0002-9471-2767Research Center, Almoosa Specialist Hospital, Al-Ahsa 36342, Saudi Arabia.College of Nursing, Princess Norah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11564, Saudi Arabia.School of Nursing, Wollongong University, Wollongong, N, Saad Alhumaid, Mohammed Garout, Roua A Alsubki, Fatimah S Alshahrani, Wadha A Alfouzan, Jeehan H Alestad, Abdullah E Alsaleh, Maha A Al-Mozaini, Thoyaja Koritala, Sultan Alotaibi, Mohamad-Hani Temsah, Ali Akbar, Rafiq Ahmad, Zainab Khalid, Javed Muhammad, and Naveed Ahmed.
• Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran 31311, Saudi Arabia.
• Medicina (Kaunas). 2022 May 20; 58 (5).

AbstractMeasles is an RNA virus infectious disease mainly seen in children. Despite the availability of an effective vaccine against measles, it remains a health issue in children. Although it is a self-limiting disease, it becomes severe in undernourished and immune-compromised individuals. Measles infection is associated with secondary infections by opportunistic bacteria due to the immunosuppressive effects of the measles virus. Recent reports highlight that measles infection erases the already existing immune memory of various pathogens. This review covers the incidence, pathogenesis, measles variants, clinical presentations, secondary infections, elimination of measles virus on a global scale, and especially the immune responses related to measles infection.

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