• Miseker Abate, Elvira Vos, Mithat Gonen, Yelena Y Janjigian, Mark Schattner, Monika Laszkowska, Laura Tang, Steven B Maron, Daniel G Coit, Santosh Vardhana, Chad Vanderbilt, and Vivian E Strong.
• Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY.
• Ann. Surg. 2022 Oct 1; 276 (4): 605615605-615.

ObjectiveThe microbiome is hypothesized to have a significant impact on cancer development. In gastric cancer (GC), Helicobacter pylori is an established class I carcinogen. However, additional organisms in the intratumoral microbiome play an important role in GC pathogenesis and progression. In this study, we characterize the full spectrum of the microbes present within GC and identify distinctions among molecular subtypes.MethodsA microbiome bioinformatics pipeline that is generalizable across multiple next-generation sequencing platforms was developed. Microbial profiles for alpha diversity and enrichment were generated for 2 large, demographically distinct cohorts: (1) internal Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) and (2) The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohorts. A total of 520 GC samples were compared with select tumor-adjacent nonmalignant samples. Microbiome differences among the GC molecular subtypes were identified.ResultsCompared with nonmalignant samples, GC had significantly decreased microbial diversity in both MSKCC and TCGA cohorts ( P <0.05). Helicobacter , Lactobacillus , Streptococcus , Prevotella , and Bacteroides were significantly more enriched in GC samples when compared with nonmalignant tissue ( P <0.05). Microsatellite instability-high GC had distinct microbial enrichment compared with other GC molecular subtypes.ConclusionDistinct patterns of microbial diversity and species enrichment were identified in patients with GC. Given the varied spectrum of disease progression and treatment response of GC, understanding unique microbial signatures will provide the landscape to explore key microbial targets for therapy.Copyright © 2022 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

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