• Satoru Matsuda, Yuko Kitagawa, Ryo Takemura, Jun Okui, Akihiko Okamura, Hirofumi Kawakubo, Manabu Muto, Yoshihiro Kakeji, Hiroya Takeuchi, Masayuki Watanabe, and Yuichiro Doki.
• Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
• Ann. Surg. 2023 Jul 1; 278 (1): e35e42e35-e42.

ObjectiveWe aimed to evaluate the efficacy of neoadjuvant docetaxel, cisplatin, and 5-fluorouracil (DCF) therapy over cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil (CF) in patients with surgically resectable advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), using real-world data from 85 esophageal centers.BackgroundJCOG1109 trial, which assessed the superiority of DCF over CF, and the superiority of chemoradiotherapy with CF over CF alone demonstrated the significant survival advantage of neoadjuvant DCF in overall survival (OS) over CF for ESCC.MethodsThe ESCC patients who received neoadjuvant CF or DCF at 85 Japanese esophageal centers certified by the Japan Esophageal Society were retrospectively reviewed. After propensity score (PS) matching, the OS and recurrence-free survival were compared between CF and DCF.ResultsWe initially enrolled 4781 patients. After data cleaning and PS matching using pretreatment variables, 1074 patients for each group were selected for subsequent analysis. There was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative pneumonia and anastomotic leakage. In the survival analysis, OS was significantly longer in DCF group than CF group (hazard ratio, 0.868; 95% confidence interval, 0.770-0.978; P =0.02), as well as recurrence-free survival (hazard ratio, 0.850; 95% confidence interval, 0.761-0.949; P =0.004). The survival advantage of DCF was not observed in patients with 76 years old or older.ConclusionsNeoadjuvant DCF therapy showed a remarkable survival advantage in surgically resectable ESCC patients, especially in patients who were 75 years old or younger. The current real-world evidence will encourage recommendations for DCF as a standard regimen in neoadjuvant chemotherapy-based treatment strategy for ESCC.Copyright © 2022 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

38 keywords...

hide…