• Takao Tsurubuchi, Kei Hara, Shingo Takano, Ai Muroi, Hiroko Fukushima, Masashi Mizumoto, Noriaki Sakamoto, Masahide Matsuda, Hiroyoshi Akutsu, Hideyuki Sakurai, and Eiichi Ishikawa.
• Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. Electronic address: t-tsurubuchi@md.tsukuba.ac.jp.
• World Neurosurg. 2022 Oct 1; 166: e325e336e325-e336.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the pathomechanism of the recurrence of intracranial germinoma after complete response and to confirm the association of the initial magnetic resonance imaging and therapeutic factors with recurrence.MethodsThis study included patients who were followed up for ≥5 years and who were treated in our hospital from 1980 to 2021. Those with germinoma and germinoma with syncytiotrophoblastic giant cells were diagnosed pathologically. Data were categorizedbased on "gender," "single region," "intraventricular dissemination at the initial diagnosis," "hydrocephalus," "types of radiation therapy (RT)," and "chemotherapy." Fisher's exact probability test was used to assess differences between the no recurrence and recurrence groups.ResultsAmong 43 patients, 34 had no recurrence, 5 had delayed recurrence (≥60 months), and 4 had early recurrence (<60 months). Follow-up periods were 143.5 (60-380), 198 (88-222), and 132.5 (75-291) months for the no recurrence, delayed recurrence, and early recurrence groups, respectively. Five patients with delayed recurrence showed 3 intracranial lesions and 2 spinal lesions. Four patients with early recurrence showed 3 intracranial lesions and 1 spinal lesion. Differences in delayed recurrences (focal RT vs. RT including whole-ventricle system; P = 0.0491) were significant in Fisher's exact test.ConclusionsRT including the whole-ventricle system reduces delayed craniospinal relapses including dissemination, local, and distant recurrences even ≥5 years after complete response in patients with primary central nervous system germinoma.Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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