• Thomas J Dilworth, Kayla Hietpas, Jessica J F Kram, and Dennis Baumgardner.
• From Department of Pharmacy Services, Advocate Aurora Health, Milwaukee, WI (TJD); Advocate Aurora Research Institute, Advocate Aurora Health, Milwaukee, WI (KH); Aurora UW Medical Group, Aurora Sinai Medical Center, Advocate Aurora Health, Milwaukee, WI (KH, JK); Center for Urban Population Health, Milwaukee, WI (JK, DB); Department of Family Medicine, Aurora UW Medical Group, Aurora St. Luke's Medical Center, Advocate Aurora Health, Milwaukee, WI (DB). thomas.dilworth@aah.org.
• J Am Board Fam Med. 2022 Jul 1; 35 (4): 733741733-741.

ObjectiveTo assess the impact of geodemographic factors on antibiotic prescribing for adult acute, uncomplicated bronchitis or upper respiratory tract infection.MethodsA retrospective, observational study of 63,051 single health-system, outpatient discharges with a primary diagnosis of bronchitis or upper respiratory tract infection in 2019. Univariate analyses of prescribing predictors and multivariable stepwise logistic modeling were performed.ResultsPatients who were older (aOR 1.02; 95% CI 1.02, 1.02), male (1.10; 1.06, 1.14), black (1.29; 1.22, 1.38), smoked (1.18; 1.14, 1.23), seen in urgent care (1.26; 1.22, 1.31) and living in an area with more owner-occupied housing (1.41; 1.30, 1.53) were more likely to receive antibiotics. Patients who were Asian (0.88; 0.77, 0.99), had Medicare (0.83; 0.78, 0.87), Medicaid (0.84; 0.79, 0.87) or Exchange insurance (0.90; 0.82, 0.98), or seen in the emergency department (0.43; 0.40, 0.46) were less likely to receive antibiotics. Distance from a patient's address and their encounter location did not predict antibiotic prescribing.ConclusionsAntibiotic prescribing interventions for adult acute bronchitis and upper respiratory tract infections could target patients living in an area with higher socioeconomic status.© Copyright 2022 by the American Board of Family Medicine.

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