• Sinziana-Andra Ghitoi, Mariana Așchie, Georgeta Camelia Cozaru, Manuela Enciu, Elena Matei, Antonela-Anca Nicolau, Gabriela Izabela Bălțătescu, Nicolae Dobrin, Roxana Elena Cîrjaliu, and Ariadna Petronela Fildan.
• Clinical Service of Pathology, "Sf. Apostol Andrei" Emergency County Hospital, Constanta, Romania.
• Medicine (Baltimore). 2022 Jul 29; 101 (30): e29701e29701.

AbstractThe molecular basis of the evaluation of children suspected of having disorders of surfactant proteins is still under discussion. In this study, we aimed to describe the morphological characteristics and to evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of surfactant proteins (surfactant protein A [SPA], surfactant protein B, and pro-surfactant protein C) in the preterm twins that deceased due to unexplained respiratory distress syndrome (n = 12). Results showed statistically significant positive correlations between surfactant protein B expressions and pulmonary hemorrhage (ρ = 0.678; P < .05), SPA levels, and Apgar score (ρ = 0.605; P < .05) and also expressions of SPA and bronchopneumonia (ρ = 0.695; P < .05). The fetuses and neonates of the same gestational age showed differences among surfactant proteins regarding the immunostaining expression. Our data evidence a marked interindividual variability in the expression of all 3 surfactant proteins among the cases analyzed (n = 12), suggesting the intervention of some individual and epigenetic factors during gestation that might influence surfactant protein production and consequently survival rate.Copyright © 2022 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.

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