• Jiancheng Hou, Rosaleena Mohanty, Daniel Chu, Veena A Nair, Yuri Danilov, Kurt A Kaczmarek, Beth Meyerand, Mitchell Tyler, and Vivek Prabhakaran.
• Research Center for Cross-Straits Cultural Development, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China.
• J Neuroimaging. 2022 Nov 1; 32 (6): 119312001193-1200.

Background And PurposeTraumatic brain injury (TBI) can lead to movement and balance deficits. In addition to physical therapy, brain-based neurorehabilitation efforts have begun to show promise in improving these deficits. The present study investigated the effectiveness of translingual neural stimulation (TLNS) on patients with mild-to-moderate TBI (mmTBI) and related brain connectivity using a resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) approach.MethodsResting-state images with 5-min on GE750 3T scanner were acquired from nine participants with mmTBI. Paired t-test was used for calculating changes in RSFC and behavioral scores before and after the TLNS intervention. The balance and movement performances related to mmTBI were evaluated by Sensory Organization Test (SOT) and Dynamic Gait Index (DGI).ResultsCompared to pre-TLNS intervention, significant behavioral changes in SOT and DGI were observed. The analysis revealed increased RSFC between the left postcentral gyrus and left inferior parietal lobule and left Brodmann Area 40, as well as the increased RSFC between the right culmen and right declive, indicating changes due to TLNS treatment. However, there were no correlations between the sensory/somatomotor (or visual or cerebellar) network and SOT/DGI behavioral performance.ConclusionsAlthough the limited sample size may have led to lack of significant correlations with functional assessments, these results provide preliminary evidence that TLNS in conjunction with physical therapy can induce brain plasticity in TBI patients with balance and movement deficits.© 2022 The Authors. Journal of Neuroimaging published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society of Neuroimaging.

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