• Miran Lee, Jae-Yeon Hwang, Su Eun Park, Sungsu Jung, and Kyo Jin Jo.
• Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Allergy and Respiratory Diseases, Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, College of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea.
• J. Korean Med. Sci. 2022 Aug 8; 37 (31): e246.

AbstractCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is usually less severe in children and adolescents than in adults. However, it can cause severe respiratory illness in a small proportion of children with risk factors. Here, we report a rare case of a 10-year-old boy with postinfectious bronchiolitis obliterans that developed after pneumonia caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). This patient was previously healthy apart from a high body mass index (BMI, 30.13; 99.6th percentile for the age bracket), history of preterm birth (35 weeks), and low birth weight (1,850 g). He had persistent exertional dyspnea after recovering from SARS-CoV-2-related pneumonia. Spirometry revealed obstructive lung disease with the following results: predicted forced vital capacity (FVC%pred), 71%; forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1%pred), 63%; FEV1/FVC, 0.81; and forced expiratory flow25-75%pred, 55%. Chest computed tomography showed multifocal areas of parenchymal hyperlucency and mosaic attenuation in both lungs. This case suggests that careful observation of children with obesity and low birth weight is necessary after recovery from SARS-CoV-2-related pneumonia.© 2022 The Korean Academy of Medical Sciences.

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