• Pedro Póvoa, BosLieuwe D JLDJIntensive Care, Infection and Immunity.Department of Respiratory Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands., and Luís Coelho.
• NOVA Medical School, CHRC, New University of Lisbon.
• Curr Opin Crit Care. 2022 Oct 1; 28 (5): 534539534-539.

Purpose Of ReviewSevere infections are a common cause of ICU admission, with a high morbidity and mortality. Omics, namely proteomics and metabolomics, aim to identify, characterize, and quantify biological molecules to achieve a systems-level understanding of disease. The aim of this review is to provide a clear overview of the current evidence of the role of proteomics and metabolomics in severe infections.Recent FindingsProteomics and metabolomics are technologies that are being used to explore new markers of diagnosis and prognosis, clarify mechanisms of disease, and consequently discover potential targets of therapy and finally of a better disease phenotyping. These technologies are starting to be used but not yet in clinical use.SummaryOur traditional way of approaching the disease as sepsis is believing that a process can be broken into its parts and that the whole can be explained by the sum of each part. This approach is highly reductionist and does not take the system complexity nor the nonlinear dynamics of the processes. Proteomics and metabolomics allow the analysis of several proteins and metabolites simultaneously, thereby generating diagnostic and prognostic signatures. An exciting future prospect for proteomics and metabolomics is their employment towards precision medicine.Copyright © 2022 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

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